The "100% renewable" is possible therefore to 2050 Negawatt

[izentrop]

It is possible to cover all of France's energy needs by renewable sources by 2050. Solid biomass remains the primary source of renewable energy production, followed very closely by wind power and then photovoltaics, itself very closely followed by biogas. Imported fossil fuels are only used for non-energy uses. The operation of the 58 current nuclear reactors not being extended beyond the fourth ten-yearly outage (around 40 years), the last of them was stopped in 2035. Based on the exploitation of its diversified resources throughout its territory , France fully ensures its energy security. https://negawatt.org/Points-cles-scenar ... -2017-2050

It is hard to believe how fast the forests are currently exploited and even less so for nuclear power.
Maybe even individuals will have taken the lead by equipping themselves with solar

[sen-no-sen]

It is quite possible, but it will require a change in eating habits.
It would be enough to halve our consumption of meat product to considerably increase the areas allocated to forestry.
In France the SAU (useful agricultural area) represents almost 29 million hectares almost 70% of which is used for the production and / or grazing of livestock .... against 16,5 million hectare of forests, look for the error!
Recall that the current mode of production is totally absurd, in fact it is almost 2/3 of the agricultural area of ​​the planet which is used to produce food to feed livestock that we (without me ...) then consume. ..

More than 4500 cattle are sacrificed each year in France to satisfy the taste buds of "meat" ...

Within the framework of a efficient sobriety could have wisely used its surfaces to produce the strictly necessary energy via local production units within a vast territory which would remind the "Gaulle hairy"what was France before the Middle Ages .... we would have landscapes of forests as far as the eye can see as in Canada *!



* And incidentally a lot of jobs at the end ...

[lilian07]

Here is a nice approach to what could be a near future but the changes seem too deep and I would not have bet on the vision of the exploitation of the biomass. However, it is certainly before a total transition the obligatory passage because it is a solar stock that we find it difficult to tame to make renewable energies more efficient than the fossil.
Sobriety in food, insulation of houses and transition to biomass above all solar, this is the simple and credible path that seems to be a relatively achievable approach without "revolution".

[izentrop]

Hi,

16,5 million hectares of forest

I do not know where your sources come from or the woods are not counted.

The latest news (2015 data): 24,5 Mha, or 38.5% of the territory http://agreste.agriculture.gouv.fr/IMG/ ... 1bspca.pdf

[sen-no-sen]

http://inventaire-forestier.ign.fr/spip/spip.php?rubrique11

After experiencing a trough in the middle of the 15,5th century, the French forest area has since regained its level at the end of the Middle Ages, i.e. XNUMX million hectares.
400.000 km2 at its maximum around 6500 years before our era ; 75.000 km2 at its minimum in the middle of the 155.000th century; 2 kmXNUMX today: we realize, in three benchmarks, to what extent the French forest surface has experienced significant fluctuations over time.

At the end of the last ice age, 18.000 years ago, the forest, successively in succession of vegetation, very gradually reclaimed large areas until it covered three-quarters of the current national territory.

As a result of demographic growth, the population's needs for agricultural land, firewood and timber have led to considerable clearing and extraction of wood. So that the forest area was reduced to 13,6% of the territory, before rising to 28% today, the level it occupied at the end of the Middle Ages.

http://www.onf.fr/gestion_durable/sommaire/milieu_vivant/patrimoine/forets_francaises/20071001-133331-958050/@@index.html
ONF source.

[Janic]

the difference probably comes from the fact that the ONF only counts forests, while the total area of ​​trees (garden or field hedges, parks, etc.) is. On the other hand, clearing, to transform into cultivable land, mainly concerns forests. However livestock farming (more and more industrial) is not satisfied with grassland but uses agricultural areas to produce soybeans, corn, rapeseed, etc .... The mistake that many make is to believe that if our French consumption can decrease per person, the question will be improved. However, breeders aim to export and therefore maintain or even increase fodder production.
Hence a necessarily global vision of the problem (Africa will double its population in the coming years and Africans will be demanders as is Asia today) and therefore where will we find what to produce for satisfy these growing populations in terms of numbers and purchasing power?

[sen-no-sen]

The mistake that many make is to believe that if our French consumption can decrease per person, the question will be improved. However, breeders aim to export and therefore maintain or even increase fodder production.
Hence a necessarily global vision of the problem (Africa will double its population in the coming years and Africans will be demanders as is Asia today) and therefore where will we find what to produce for satisfy these growing populations in terms of numbers and purchasing power?

Yes it is a good remark,but our eating habits directly influence that of others.
For example, we see the success of "fast food" in our country of culinary art, why?
Because the fast food represents the most dissipative model in energy, it is therefore immediately copied and then reiterated on a large scale, it is therefore imperative to transform our eating habits here for what affect the low.

The export of meat or cereal products only increases ecological problems through a "red queen" type effect.
As for the birth rate of African countries, we are faced with one of the most terrifying problems in history.
Indeed the only way to stop the birth rate and to have recourse to education in order to transform families in a way r(many children with low education) in one mode K(few children with a high level of education).
Problem, this type of change occurs only in industrialized countries, apart from the hysteresis of births that it would take several decades - which we no longer have - to limit the number of births.
Similarly, the industrialization of its countries would only amplify the ecocide and increase food problems, thereby favoring migratory movements, conflicts and famines ... the situation is overwhelming.

[izentrop]

I cried wolf because of all these factories to make electricity that rushed into the breach of the wood industry, with consumption at a breakneck pace.
This is why I doubt the Negawatt scheme, which counts mainly on this sector for the energy transition.

What I wanted to say is that it is not profitable, this wood must be intended for collective or individual heating, with recovery of small branches (BRF) and ashes for agriculture.

animal husbandry (more and more industrial) is not satisfied with herbage but uses agricultural surfaces to produce soybeans, corn, rapeseed, etc ....

Soybeans for animal feed are mainly imported. It takes a special climate to grow it

And organic soybeans are mainly grown for human consumption

[sen-no-sen]

This is why I doubt the Negawatt scheme, which counts mainly on this sector for the energy transition.

This project is interesting insofar as it avoids the pitfalls of nuclear power or standard monopoly projects Desertec (which in any case will not be viable in a geopolitically unstable future).
In terms of profitability, it's all about adapting the economy.

[izentrop]

Even if politicians lose interest in the nuclear, stink ball topic, it will not be abandoned so far, given that we know how to make nuclear that does not run away and virtually without waste, the multinationals will seize and the states will will have to take care of the dismantling of the REPs. The remaining waste is harmful less than 300 years if we do not find a way to recycle them.