My bioclimatic house

Construction of natural or ecological habitat: plans, design, advice, expertise, materials, geobiology ... House, construction, heating, insulation: you have just received one or more quotes. Can't choose? State your problem here and we will advise you on the right choice! Help in reading DPE or environmental energy diagnostics. Help with the purchase or sale of real estate.
User avatar
Ryuma
I learn econologic
I learn econologic
posts: 23
Registration: 13/02/08, 15:59
Location: ligny

My bioclimatic house




by Ryuma » 15/02/08, 09:53

Hello,

Can you give me your opinion on my bioclimatic house specifications?

Specifications of the bioclimatic house


Preamble 3
Planning prescriptions 4
General Plan 5
Walls, heating and insulation 7
Floors and ceilings 9
Materials 10
Ventilation 11
Glazing 12
Electricity 14
Roof 15
Water 16
Canadian well 17
Solar panels 18
Flexibility 21
Plantations 22
Site management 23
Natural Pool 25
Garden shed 26

Preamble

The purpose of these specifications is to describe the house desired by Amandine and Amaury.

It will be a very low energy bioclimatic house (tending towards the passive house if possible).
This means that it will have to exploit the heat provided by the sun, while protecting itself from it in summer and that it will be very well insulated.

The house will also be designed to be completed in phases, for example, the development of the floor will be planned, but will not be realized until later.

The bioclimatic approach is based on simple principles:

- use the relief and vegetation to protect yourself from cold winter winds
- partially or totally bury the northern part of the house
- adopt a compact shape, with a good shape coefficient (low surface / volume ratio)
- orient the main facade due south and arrange the living rooms (living room, kitchen, bedrooms); increase their glass surface, integrate a greenhouse to enhance the winter solar gain
- install reinforced exterior insulation, without thermal bridge to drastically reduce, depending on the season, losses or unwanted contributions; insulate the foundations (on the periphery and vertically) rather than the ground, to benefit from its thermal inertia (ability to resist temperature variations)
- reserve the north exposure for service rooms (garage, cellar) which become “buffer” spaces (unheated, they contribute to insulation); reduce the glass surface to the strict light
- create an entry airlock to limit parasitic air entries
- choose heavy construction materials, with high inertia, to store external (sun) and internal (heat from cooking, lighting and household appliances)
- protect yourself from the summer sun

Urban planning prescriptions

Derogations may have to be requested for the house for elements favoring the low energy consumption of the house. (for example, one level on the front, but 2 at the back).

If these derogations are refused, it will be necessary to adapt in order to comply as best as possible with requests while respecting town planning regulations.

General plan

The rooms will be arranged according to the principles of bioclimatism.

The house will be placed on a hedgehog or crawl space with thermal insulation of the slab.

On the north side, from west to east, there will be: the entrance hall with the wc and the staircase to go upstairs, the home cinema, the bathroom and the pantry-laundry room.

On the south side, from west to east, there will be: the living room with a wood stove (mass), the dining room with a bioclimatic greenhouse on 2 levels, the kitchen and the bedroom.
The greenhouse will give in the living room, the dining room and the kitchen.

Proposed sizes (could be reduced if the cost is too high):
L: 14m, l = 7m

North Coast :

Entrance: L = 3m50,
HC: L = 5m50,
bathroom: L = 3m,
laundry room: L = 1m

Entrance: l = 3m,
HC: l = 3m,
bathroom: l = 2m,
laundry room: l = 2m

South side :

Living room: L = 4m,
SAM and greenhouse: L = 4m,
kitchen: L = 3m,
room: L = 3m

Living room: l = 4m,
SAM: l = 2,50m,
greenhouse: l = 1,50m,
kitchen: l = 4m,
bedroom: l = 3,5m

Remarks:

A corridor (1m wide) will be located between the bedroom and the bathroom, and should allow to pass from one to the other without being seen from the outside. This corridor will have a door giving access to the east side of the house.

A small airlock will be placed in the entrance to prevent the cold from entering.

The water heater will be in the upstairs bathroom or below, and will supply water to the kitchen sink and bathrooms with short, well-insulated piping.

The home cinema will be buried 1m more if possible than the other rooms (it will therefore be higher in the ceiling).
If it costs too much, the ceiling can be raised, the room above being an attic.


The greenhouse will be landlocked and its separation walls with the rooms will be accumulator sensor walls. Its soil will also be an accumulator sensor.

A vertical sun protection will be on the left and right of the solar greenhouse. These will be horizontal wooden slats offset from the wall, which will join the roof overhang and the small terraces on the first floor.
These will let in the maximum light in summer but will block the sun's rays in winter.
A deciduous climbing plant will further improve its efficiency.



Walls, heating and insulation

The supporting structure will be made of wood. The post-beam technique will allow large bay windows to be installed to the south. The wood will be rough, to hang well on lime-hemp.

There will be excellent continuity of insulation. (no thermal bridge!)

The interior walls of the ground floor of the house will be made of heavy materials with high inertia, if possible ecological (provided there is a small additional cost). (accumulator sensor walls).

Upstairs, only one bedroom, the toilet, the bathroom and the attic to the north will be partitioned from the start, the other rooms should be able to be created at the desired dimensions afterwards.
The bathrooms will be one above the other, the attic will be above the home cinema room.

The room will have good sound insulation. The upstairs rooms will not be furnished from the start.

All walls will be perfectly insulated and designed according to the principles of "perspiration".
Perspiring walls behave like skin, allowing water vapor to pass through, but neither liquid water nor air can enter or exit. We will therefore not use a vapor barrier.
The passage of water vapor will be easier and easier from the inside to the outside.
The lime-hemp walls are breathable.

Glass wool which can be harmful to workers is not desired.

The insulation will be made from the outside and sufficient to achieve the objectives of the low-energy house (K <30, <25 if possible).
We will try to have a K as low as possible, but while controlling costs. The goal is not to have a passive house, but a (very) low energy house.

The walls must have NO thermal bridges and thermography will be provided before finishing to verify this.

Thermography also allows the verification of the correct implementation of the insulators, the effective localization of leaks and the detection of air tightness problems (blower-door).

Heating will be done, on the ground floor and upstairs, by low temperature pipes in the walls or in the floor if central heating is necessary.
The wall heating gives a better feeling of comfort.

If a stove in the living room of a few Kw is sufficient, it should be able to send heat to the other rooms via hot water pipes.

A second stove should be able to be connected only to the underfloor heating on the floor, to allow a separation into two living parts.

In case of central heating, different zones with thermostats will be defined, to allow individual heating of the rooms (which will be made afterwards on the floor).

One solution to consider for central heating: central pellet heating.

A cellar could be made under the garage in front of the house, an archimedean screw will then transport the pellets stored in this cellar (stock of 6 tonnes minimum) to the boiler located in the bathroom or the laundry room on the ground floor of the House. (the cellar should also be able to serve as a wine cellar)

The pipes should be very easily located, to avoid planting a nail in them, for example.

The floor of the first floor will obviously not be thermally insulated, to take advantage of the heat given off by the stove on the ground floor. (It will of course be acoustically isolated.)


The doors will be the highest standard doors (2m minimum), possibly with a passage for air circulation section greater than 70 cm2 (not in the home cinema room which must be soundproofed).

If possible, they will be wide enough to allow the passage of a wheelchair, if this does not increase costs.

Sliding doors, rather than opening doors, should be considered. They allow not to encroach on the space of a corridor for example.

The three interior walls of the solar greenhouse will be made of materials with high inertia to accumulate heat.

Good sound insulation of the rooms is essential. Good sound insulation of the other rooms is a plus, which can play in the choice of materials.

On the side of the village (north, east and west), stone or brick will be more present to better integrate the house into the village built. The south facade will be more of wood, exempt at least the accumulating walls of the greenhouse and its soil which will also have to accumulate heat.

Floors and ceilings

The floor of the entrance, the wc and the cellar will be tiled, possibly in terracotta.

The floor of the living room, bedroom and dining room will be made of wood from a sustainably managed source (FSC label for example).

The greenhouse floor will be made of high inertia material, terracotta tiles can be used.

The kitchen and bathroom floors will eventually be made of wood protected from splashes, but in this case, exotic wood, which contributes to deforestation or which generates a great deal of pollution by transport, should not be used.

The floor of the home cinema room will be laid out separately. (carpet or carpet for acoustics).

The ceiling will be made so that the lamps will be integrated into it, to avoid the accumulation of cobwebs, but false ceilings should not disturb the energy efficiency of the house.

The floor of the first floor will be wooden, but well insulated acoustically.

Translucent glass slabs in certain places of the ceiling of the ground floor will be considered, they will allow to bring light: either from the bottom to the top, to light a corridor, or from the top to the bottom, to bring the light in the back of the rooms for example.

A sliding glass wall would separate the kitchen from the dining room, while maintaining eye contact.
Last edited by Ryuma the 15 / 02 / 08, 09: 58, 1 edited once.
0 x
User avatar
Ryuma
I learn econologic
I learn econologic
posts: 23
Registration: 13/02/08, 15:59
Location: ligny




by Ryuma » 15/02/08, 09:57

Materials

The materials must be as local and natural as possible, possibly from recovery. Wood will come as far as possible from sources with sustainable management (FSC label).

The materials must be effective to achieve the objectives set. They must not present any danger to the health of the inhabitants and as much as possible of the site workers.
They should be as environmentally friendly as possible, but this is not a requirement.
They must also have consumed as little gray energy as possible, but only if the additional cost is minimal.

If possible, materials from selective deconstruction will be used.

We will preferably choose materials from local resources.

The materials should require as little maintenance as possible and it should be able to be done without harming the environment.

Cement being waterproof and consuming a lot of gray energy, we prefer natural lime (hydraulic and air).
This is produced in the quarries of Namur, which allows for little transport.
If its use is too expensive, the use of bastard lime (2 / 3cement, 1/3 lime) is acceptable since it is also permeable to water.
Unnatural lime, being like waterproof cement, is not acceptable.

For insulation, it is preferable not to use glass wool. Other healthy and energy-efficient transport solutions can be proposed (hemp, flax for example, not the coconut which is imported from far away…).

Construction materials having undergone little or no transformation in their production, such as gypsum, stone, slate will be preferred, because they are permeable to cosmic radiation, in particular to thermal (infrared) radiation from the sun.
Used in the walls of buildings, they contribute to the thermal comfort of the inhabitants.

Lime-hemp blocks should be considered for exterior walls.

As these are not load-bearing, it will be necessary to consider an external load-bearing wooden structure.

We also consider passing optical fibers in hemp lime walls to bring light.

Ventilation

As the insulation will be strong, the use of good ventilation is mandatory.

The ventilation will be mechanically controlled with heat recovery (vmc system D). This heat recovery will be disengageable. Ventilation will operate normally at a minimum, as the walls are breathable, moisture (water vapor) will exit through the walls.
However, it must be able to be activated manually in the bathrooms.

This vmc should consume little and require a minimum of maintenance. It should be cheap.

The system must be connected to a Canadian well. This allows you to take advantage of the inertia of the soil to preheat the incoming air in winter and cool the incoming air in summer.

The system should have well-designed piping for optimal air circulation and easy maintenance.

The system should be perfectly silent. The block can be located in the attic, above the home theater, or in the utility room, mounted on silent blocks and possibly in an acoustic insulation box if it is too noisy.

Hot and humid air will be taken in the bathrooms, toilets, kitchen, home cinema and pantry-laundry room, if possible also from the dryer and the hood.

The fresh air, coming from the Canadian well (or not => bypass automated by temperature probe) and possibly preheated by the heat recovery will be injected into certain non-humid rooms (bedrooms and home cinema).

The heating in the home cinema room must be able to be switched off to avoid getting too hot.

If possible without too much cost, you should be able to cool the home cinema while heating the other rooms (bypass). If it costs too much, you must at least be able not to heat the room while you send hot air to the others.

The greenhouse will not have a ventilation system, but it should be easy to ventilate it by opening it at the bottom and at the top. This allows the hot air to be evacuated by natural circulation.

In summer, night ventilation will dissipate the heat accumulated in the walls during the day.


glazing

The windows will be made of super insulating double glazing (or high efficiency double glazing, or even reinforced insulation). Triple glazing will eventually only be used for small windows, like those to the north. The cost of glazing must be reasonable, it must have the best quality / size / price ratio.

The south glazed facade must be large, a bioclimatic greenhouse is planned in the center on two levels, the other rooms to the south will have large bay windows on the ground floor and large windows on the first floor.

If it is necessary to put windows in the roof, they should prevent overheating and not reduce the insulation. This can be considered for the attic.

There will be a minimum of windows to the north, and none in the home cinema room.
There will be few windows to the east and west.
There will be a small high window to the west to light the corridor without being seen.

Windows must be able to be closed by a system:

Electric and controlled by home automation
Which does not reduce the insulation of the walls or creates a thermal bridge
Which provides maximum protection against break-ins
If possible, which allows you to vary the amount of light that enters.

One possible solution would be external electric blinds. Otherwise roller shutters with external box.

The glazing of the solar greenhouse will be vertical, with the largest possible glass surface (avoid wide frames).

The chassis will preferably be made of wood with aluminum protection if possible (watch out for the reaction with lime).

Wood is ideal but requires maintenance outside. With aluminum exterior protection, there is no longer a maintenance problem.

The passage from the living room to the outside will be without elevation, this means that the terrace and the floor of the living room will be at the same level, and that there will be no frame to step over, so it will be a little buried.



The use of aluminum exterior venetian blinds should be studied.
Objectives:
- Redirect natural light towards the ceiling, which allows light to penetrate deep into the room.
- Protect the occupant from direct sunlight penetration (glare and direct radiation).
- Have an anti-intrusion system (locking in the closed position).
- Privacy of occupants: Depending on the orientation of the slats, it is often possible to keep a view from the inside to the outside while limiting indiscretions.

The blind, in the raised position, occupies a significant space (15 to 40 cm). Placing it in front of an existing window will therefore lose part of its useful surface when the blind is not lowered. To avoid this drawback, it is possible to fix the device in front of the lintel.

These blinds will be motorized for their opening / closing and tilting and controllable by home automation.

Example:
http://www.somfy.com/export/index.cfm?p ... uage=FR-FR

They must also be reassembled automatically in the event of too strong wind if they risk being broken.


Another solution is to consider roller shutters with external boxes.

Electricity

The electrical system should not be specially ecological or "bioelectric", but nevertheless designed to avoid as much as possible the nuisance of electric fields to the occupants of the house.

For these reasons, it will be arranged on the cob, not in a loop.

Above all, it must be perfectly integrated without penalizing the insulation.

Ideally, the electric cables should not be less than 1 m from the beds.

The electrical system must also be connected to a simple home automation system, which must first control the closing of the electric shutters of the windows and the lighting.

If its cost is too high, it should be planned to be easily installed afterwards, for example by already laying the home automation cables.

If possible, the electric cables will be shielded to minimize the electric fields.

A 12v (low voltage) electrical circuit should be considered. It allows to put more economical low voltage lamps.
roofing

If possible, the roof will start lower to the north than to the south. It will start in the north from the ceiling of the ground floor, and will allow the south to have vertical windows upstairs.

A roof overhang will be provided to the south to protect the glazing from the sun in summer (including the solar greenhouse).

The roof should allow maximum rainwater to be collected without contaminating it.

The roof will have to accommodate solar panels for hot water and photovoltaic panels which may be installed afterwards.
To have maximum efficiency with photovoltaic panels, the south roof should ideally have an inclination of 35 °. If this optimal angle is not possible, it must in any case be between 15 ° and 50 °.

If possible, the roof should be easily accessible for maintenance.

Water

Rainwater will be collected on the roof and stored in a tank (or two) buried in concrete.
It will be used to supply the two toilets, the bathrooms, the kitchen.

It will be drinkable so that it can be drunk in the kitchen.

It will be softer than tap water for the shower, will allow to use less soap, will avoid lime in the machines.

A double network of pipes will be put in place to use the network water when the tank is empty. It will obviously be necessary to follow the legal prescriptions on this subject.

The hot water will be used for sanitary use, but also to supply the dishwasher and possibly the washing machine.

connect the washing machine / dishwasher to the mixed solar preparer / pellet boiler.
this is valid provided that you can reduce the lengths of hot water pipes AND have the courage to switch the water supply from the hot MAL for washing on cold before rinsing / spinning. It is a serious obligation. The Germans sell boxes that do this automatically, at 200 €.
Amortization period: 100 or 200 years! (I'm barely exaggerating).


Canadian well

The Canadian well preheats the air in winter and cools it in summer. A bypass with a temperature sensor will be set up for the inter-season, if it does not cost too much.

The Canadian well will be made of healthy materials, for example, sandstone tubes. It should be around 40m and be buried about 1,8m.

The tubes will have a slight slope so that the condensation drains and evacuates in the ground.
One or more accesses will be provided for the maintenance of the pipes.

The pipes will preferably be made of sandstone.

Solar panels

Solar panels for hot water will be provided on the roof or elsewhere.
They can for example be provided above the window of the bedroom on the ground floor.
In this case, you must check that the premiums are also possible and that the sunshine will be sufficient.
The advantage of this solution is that the angle can be chosen and that the panels will also serve as sun protection in summer.

An additional water heating system should be provided for when there is no sun.

The panels will eventually be installed in the year following construction to maximize the premiums received which are capped.

The panels must be correctly sized for a family of 2, two adults and three children.

The water storage tank will be in the upstairs bathroom well insulated and with short pipes. It will communicate with the bathroom and the kitchen below with the shortest possible pipes and well insulated.

Photovoltaic solar panels should be considered for the production of electricity. They could be led over the roof to the south, to protect the windows from the sun in summer. The advantage would also be that there would be good air circulation underneath, which increases the efficiency of the panels.
Heating

The heating system must be properly sized according to the other elements of the house (insulation, ventilation, Canadian well, mass wood stove ...)

We could possibly do without it, but the house must remain at an acceptable temperature even in the coldest of winter, when there is no sun.

The heating can not be oil, possibly gas (condensing boiler), pellet (automatic wood boiler) or type "heat pump".

“Ecological” solutions are preferred but not if they lead to a strong dependence on the fluctuation of the price of resources (increase in the price of electricity, gas, wood…)

A wood stove in the living room is probably enough to heat the whole house, this should be studied.

This stove must have an outside air supply.

Others

There will be a small terrace in front of the upstairs bedroom.

The terrace will be made of wood, facing the living room and the greenhouse, but not in front of the bedroom.

The house must be designed in its entirety but will be completed in phases.

So :
A natural pool will be provided, so the Canadian well must be made so as not to prevent its construction.

The garage will be made afterwards in front of the house, if possible in wood. It will be against the home theater room. It will protect the north facade.
A protection will allow to pass from the garage to the entry without being wet by the rain.

The garage should be used to store the logs in a dry and ventilated manner.

A wind turbine should be able to be made at the bottom of the garden. We will plan from the start the passage of cables in trenches from the bottom of the garden to the house.

There will be 4 passages for the laundry between the bathroom and the laundry room on the ground floor, to sort the laundry and drop it directly into a basket in the laundry room.

In home cinema, the lamps will have the shape of a film. There will be armored tubes in the walls to pass all the wires.

A wooden library, with square spaces, open on both sides will be placed between the living room and the dining room. There will be leds in certain boxes to light up objects.

Flexibility

The house will be flexible in its use over time.

The premises will not be too "frozen" in their use.

The floor should be able to be separated from the ground floor and be easily transformed into an independent apartment.

Upstairs, the partitions that will be put in place afterwards should be able to be easily moved.

plantations

Evergreens will be planted to the north to protect the house.

Deciduous fruit trees will be planted in the south to protect from overheating in summer (but so as not to disturb the functioning of the natural swimming pool).

Indigenous species should be planted as much as possible (trees, hedges, etc.)

Site management

The neighbors will be warned of the duration and the means implemented to reduce the nuisance of the site.

The site workers will be informed about the approach followed.

We will reduce noise on the site by:

Using well-maintained construction equipment (they also consume less)
Grouped transport of materials
Possibly using silencers on certain machines
Stopping unused gear
Putting on ear muffs
Carrying out the noisiest work outside certain time slots: no noise early in the morning, at meal times, in the evening…

We will try to dirty, pollute and waste as little as possible.

The public road is cleaned regularly
Dust-generating work is carried out with suction devices or protective covers.
Water leaks are systematically tracked.
Rainwater is collected as mixing water and for cleaning tools.
Lights and machines are stopped when not in use.
The packaging for paints, glues and solvents is hermetically sealed.
Toxic products are not discharged into the sewer.
The waste is neither buried nor dumped on the ground.
Construction waste is not burned
The list of risk symbols and the ban on smoking are displayed near dangerous products.

Site waste:

We will only order the necessary quantities of materials (not counting too fair) to avoid waste.

The materials will be protected on the construction site from bad weather.

Suppliers will be asked to take back their packaging when possible.
We prefer materials in bulk or in returnable packaging.

We will sort the waste on site:
Separate storage systems or places (small containers, solid bags, pallets, etc.) will be provided to receive the waste according to the category to which it belongs.

We will separate:

Inert waste (uncontaminated land, bricks, etc.)
Special household waste (wood treatment products, strippers, paints, etc.)
Bulky household items (bulky waste, electrical cables, plasterboard, etc.)
Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
Unsullied paper and cardboard

Natural Pool

A natural swimming pool must be provided in the garden, facing the house's solar greenhouse.

It may be done in self-construction, but we could take advantage of earth-moving machinery to dig the holes. (basin and filtration area)

Garden shed


A good idea is to first create a garden shed with dry toilets with the same construction techniques.

- Useful during construction
- Allows to avoid certain technical errors with the main building.
- Will be used for the pool

Can contain :

Dry toilets
Solar shower
0 x

 


  • Similar topics
    Replies
    views
    Last message

Go back to "Real estate and eco-construction: diagnostics, HQE, HPE, bioclimatism, natural habitat and climatic architecture"

Who is online ?

Users browsing this forum : No registered users and 110 guests