The latest figures and weather consequences of global warming

Warming and Climate Change: causes, consequences, analysis ... Debate on CO2 and other greenhouse gas.
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by moinsdewatt » 14/05/17, 13:40

Alaska tundra emits more and more CO2

Futura Sciences the 11 / 05 / 2017

In recent decades, the production of carbon dioxide by the Alaskan tundra extends well beyond the end of summer. This is demonstrated by recent measures. Increasingly warmer temperatures in the Arctic, in times of great cold, maintain the activity of microorganisms in the soil.
..............

http://www.futura-sciences.com/planete/ ... co2-49564/
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by moinsdewatt » 19/05/17, 20:51

Antarctica becomes covered with moss due to global warming

By CNEWS Morning - the 19 / 05 / 2017

"People think, rightly, that Antarctica is a relatively frozen place, but our research shows that some areas are green, and are likely to become greener," said Matthew Amesbury, a University scientist. from Exeter in the United Kingdom to the Washington Post. "Even the most remote ecosystems, thought to be preserved from the human species, show effects of climate change caused by humans," he added.

The study, published Thursday in the journal Current Biology, was conducted by researchers from Cambridge University, Durham University, and the British Antarctic Survey. The group discovered two species of moss whose growth has accelerated considerably: these plants, which previously grew one millimeter per year on frozen ground partially melted in summer, now grow by 3 millimeters on average per year. The layers of vegetation succeed one another, creating a thicker and more resistant carpet thanks to a softer temperature.

According to the researchers' notes, "these changes, combined with an increase in areas where ice has disappeared due to retreating glaciers, will result in large-scale alterations to the biological functioning, appearance, and landscape of the Antarctic Peninsula. during the nineteenth century and much later.

Less than 1% of the Antarctic surface is currently covered with vegetation, a small change compared to the large expanses of mosses that are currently proliferating in the Arctic.

http://www.cnewsmatin.fr/monde/2017-05- ... que-755743
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by goodgerald » 22/05/17, 10:02

moinsdewatt wrote:
Antarctica becomes covered with moss due to global warming

By CNEWS Morning - the 19 / 05 / 2017

"People think, rightly, that Antarctica is a relatively frozen place, but our research shows that some areas are green, and are likely to become greener," said Matthew Amesbury, a University scientist. from Exeter in the United Kingdom to the Washington Post. "Even the most remote ecosystems, thought to be preserved from the human species, show effects of climate change caused by humans," he added.

The study, published Thursday in the journal Current Biology, was conducted by researchers from Cambridge University, Durham University, and the British Antarctic Survey. The group discovered two species of moss whose growth has accelerated considerably: these plants, which previously grew one millimeter per year on frozen ground partially melted in summer, now grow by 3 millimeters on average per year. The layers of vegetation succeed one another, creating a thicker and more resistant carpet thanks to a softer temperature.

According to the researchers' notes, "these changes, combined with an increase in areas where ice has disappeared due to retreating glaciers, will result in large-scale alterations to the biological functioning, appearance, and landscape of the Antarctic Peninsula. during the nineteenth century and much later.

Less than 1% of the Antarctic surface is currently covered with vegetation, a small change compared to the large expanses of mosses that are currently proliferating in the Arctic.

http://www.cnewsmatin.fr/monde/2017-05- ... que-755743



The fact is not very reassuring if one takes into account that the Antarctic can contain under its ice a large number of bacteria not yet studied by the man. Thus global warming on this continent can cause their proliferation and new diseases can invade our lives.
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by moinsdewatt » 28/05/17, 14:27

Climate disruption: Svalbard World Seed Reserve begins to take water

23 May 2017 Gurumed1

Located halfway between Norway and the North Pole, the Svalbard Global Seed Reserve is home to the largest seed collection in the world to protect important crops for future generations. The site was chosen, in part, because permafrost acts as a natural freezer to preserve the seeds, but global temperatures have melted the surrounding ice and the meltwater has entered the interior, resulting in new measures to strengthen the facility in the face of climate change.
.................

http://www.gurumed.org/2017/05/23/drgle ... ndre-leau/
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by Christophe » 03/07/17, 00:48

Global warming worldwide (average annual temperature of land and oceans *) since the 1880 years, this gives this (no panic ... it is in ° F! : Cheesy: ):

Historique_temperatures_climat.gif


Source: http://www.popsci.com/climate-change-in ... ing-planet

* I easily understand that we can have the average temperature of the globe via IR satellite (or other) for a few decades but before I have trouble understanding how the average surface temperature (oceans especially) has been established. .
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by izentrop » 03/07/17, 01:37

Hi,
Christophe wrote:* I easily understand that we can have the average temperature of the globe via IR satellite (or other) for a few decades but before I have trouble understanding how the average surface temperature (oceans especially) has been established. .
See here http://www.clubdesargonautes.org/faq/te ... -terre.php
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by Christophe » 08/08/17, 15:48

The (sole) responsibility of man in global warming "confirmed" by a leak from the US government: http://www.popsci.com/here-are-some-key ... e-document

The New York Times published a draft of a long-awaited government report on climate change on Monday night and the picture it paints is saying.
The New York Times is not the final version, with some figures and quotations still being inserted into the text, the authors' words are precise, unequivocal, and unflinching.

"Many lines of evidence demonstrate that human activities, especially emissions of greenhouse gases, are primarily responsible for the observed climate changes over the last 15 decades. There are no alternative explanations. There are no apparent natural cycles in the observational record (eg, 2K 2013 PAGES, Marcott et al., 2013). In addition, natural cycles within the Earth's climate system can only redistribute heat; they can not be responsible for the increase in the overall heat of the climate system (Church et al., 2011). Internal variability, alternative explanations, or even unknown forcing factors cannot explain the majority of the observed changes in climate (Anderson et al. 2012). "

Climate Science Special Report

(...)
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by Autan Solar » 14/08/17, 15:12

Hello everybody

A recent article on the acceleration of the rise in the level of the seas and oceans is all the more disturbing when we know that 11 18 largest cities in the world are coastal.

http://maplanete.blogs.sudouest.fr/arch ... 57458.html
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by moinsdewatt » 23/08/17, 21:13

Global warming: ExxonMobil accused of "deceiving the public"

Boursorama with AFP the 23 / 08 / 2017

According to two researchers at Harvard University, ExxonMobil has known since the 80 years that global warming was real and caused by human activities. But the US oil company has publicly questioned this reality, deceiving its shareholders and citizens.

The authors, Geoffey Supran and Naomi Oreskes, explain that they have embarked on the analysis of 187 documents produced by the American tanker between 1977 and 2014 (scientific publications, internal documents and paid forums in the New York Times ...). A decision taken after the oil tanker denied news articles accusing him of having obscured information about global warming.

"We clearly reject the accusations. Our company has continuously, publicly and openly sought and discussed the risks associated with climate change", defended the group at the time, led from 2006 to 2016 by the current head of American diplomacy, Rex Tillerson.

The sincerity of the information on climate change provided by ExxonMobil, which has long funded research on the subject, is at the heart of several legal proceedings in the United States. An investigation of InsideClimate News, published in the fall 2015, had already pointed the finger at the communication of the American group on the subject.

"A SYSTEMATIC CONTRADICTION"

In particular, investigations have been conducted by state prosecutors in New York and Massachusetts, and the US Security and Exchange Commission is also investigating whether the oil tanker has in good faith informed its shareholders of the risks to its business. - fossil fuels being responsible for 75% of greenhouse gas emissions - and if it correctly adjusted the valuation of its assets.

"We have not done a legal investigation and we are not in a position to judge whether Exxon has broken any law," one of the two authors of the study, Geoffrey Supran, told AFP. deeming this work "relevant in the context of ongoing investigations and trials".

But ethically speaking, Geoffrey Supran and Naomi Orekes, are adamant: "We identified a systematic contradiction between what Exxon was saying about climate change in private or academic circles and what the company was telling the public in New York. Times, "Geoffrey Supran told AFP.

They found that 83% of scientific publications and 80% of internal documents studied recognize that climate change is "real and caused by men", when "81% of columns in the New York Times express doubt" about it. .

Thus, they point out, the internal discussions at the company were in accordance with current scientific knowledge, with their share of uncertainties, but the forums in the press mainly focused on the uncertainties, producing a discourse inconsistent with the opinion of most scientists. "ExxonMobil has deceived the public," conclude the two science historians.

In 1982, the oil company already mentioned and quantified for example "the carbon budget", that is to say the greenhouse gas emissions that must not be exceeded in order to limit the rise in global temperature below 2 ° C and prevent the most dramatic impacts.

If ExxonMobil has long been internally involved in climate change, the oil tanker refused to evaluate the financial impact of policies to limit it. But in May, a new motion in this direction garnered a majority of votes among its shareholders, anxious to avoid a sharp depreciation of assets in the future.

"ExxonMobil has sought to cast doubt on the cause and extent of climate change" and "it will be investors who will foot the bill if the company does not prepare for a future without CO2 emissions," he told AFP Natasha Lamb of Arjuna Capital, one of the shareholders behind the motion.

http://www.boursorama.com/actualites/re ... 89a2d823b8
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Re: The latest figures from global warming




by moinsdewatt » 04/11/17, 13:37

Global warming: the battle of 2 ° C is almost lost
The United Nations is sounding the alarm about the insufficient efforts of the states to contain the rise in global temperature. After 2030, it will be too late.


THE WORLD | 31.10.2017 By Pierre Le Hir

The climate battle is not lost yet, but it is very badly engaged. At this stage, there is a "catastrophic gap" between the commitments made by states to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and the efforts needed to comply with the Paris agreement adopted at COP21, in December 2015 - at know how to contain the increase in the global temperature "significantly below 2 ° C compared to pre-industrial levels", trying to limit it to 1,5 ° C. This is the warning addressed to the UN Environment (former United Nations Environment Program), in a report published Tuesday 31 October.

This is not the first alert launched by the organization, which relies on a large international network of scientists. But it takes a particularly urgent tone, just days before the opening of the COP23 (6 November 17 in Bonn, Germany) and after a cataclysmic summer, during which a succession of hurricanes, floods and fires showed the vulnerability of rich and poor countries to climate change.

Mixed results

Certainly, good news seems to be confirmed: annual global emissions of CO2 from the combustion of fossil resources (coal, oil and gas) and the cement industry, which represent 70% of total greenhouse gas emissions , have stabilized since 2014, at just under 36 billion tons (gigatonnes or Gt).

This is due to a lower growth in the use of coal in China but also in the United States - the two biggest polluters on the planet - and by the simultaneous expansion of renewable energy sources, starting with solar energy, particularly in China and China. in India.
However, the report notes, this stabilization has only been observed for a short period of time and the trend "could be reversed if the growth of the world economy accelerates". In addition, the picture is more mixed if one considers not only CO2 but also methane and all greenhouse gases, also produced by agriculture, land use changes and deforestation. Total emissions, of approximately 52 Gt CO2 equivalent in 2016, thus show a slight increase compared to previous years.

Image

We are therefore very far from the drastic drop in emissions essential to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement. In order to contain the warming under 2 ° C, global releases to 42 Gt in 2030 should be capped, experts calculate. And aim for a maximum of 36 Gt to maintain a hope of staying below the 1,5 ° C bar.
Recent scientific studies - which the UN Environment indicates will be taken into account in future reports - even conclude that a much lower level of about 24 Gt in 2030 would actually have to be achieved in order to avoid climatic runaway.

A third of the way

However, the commitments made in 2015 by the 195 countries parties to the Paris Agreement, which 169 have ratified so far, will only achieve "approximately one third" of the way, warn the rapporteurs. Assuming that all states respect all their promises, sometimes conditional on obtaining international and, moreover, non-binding funding, Earth is now moving towards a rise in the thermometer from 3 ° C to 3,2 ° C at the end of the century.

Without additional effort, in 2030, humanity will have consumed 80% of its "carbon budget", that is to say the amount of CO2 that it can still release in the atmosphere without exceeding 2 ° C of warming. And she will have exhausted the entire budget allowing her not to go beyond 1,5 ° C.

Image

In other words, "it is urgent to accelerate action in the short term and to strengthen national ambitions in the long term". The time is running out: "It is clear that if the gap [between necessary emission reductions and country commitments] is not filled by 2030 by then, it is extremely unlikely that the goal of maintaining the global warming well below 2 ° C can still be achieved, "insists the report.

"The situation is very worrying," said climatologist Jean Jouzel, former vice-chair of the scientific working group of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The first assessments of national policies show that overall, we are rather below the commitments made in Paris. And, without the United States, it will be very difficult to ask other countries to raise their ambition. In any case, he adds, "we remain very far from the account: to keep a chance to stay under the 2 ° C, it would be necessary for the peak emissions to be reached in 2020 at the latest. "

Hence the call of the United Nations to use the "facilitative dialogue" provided for by the Paris Agreement between the signatories in 2018, to revise upward the national contributions, which must be revised every five months. years. "Most G20 countries," says the report, "need new policies and actions to fulfill their commitments. It is also in the fall of 2018 that the IPCC is to issue a special report on the possibility or not of crossing the 1,5 ° C level, as well as on the consequences of a larger warming.

"Opportunities"

UN Environment wants to remain optimistic. In his eyes, it is still "possible" to avoid widespread overheating. "A break in technology and investment can reduce emissions, while creating huge social, economic and environmental opportunities," says its director, Norwegian Erik Solheim.

The most radical solution is known: it consists of leaving underground between 80% and 90% of the coal reserves, half of those of gas and about one third of those of oil. This assumes, as a first priority, to no longer build new coal-fired power plants and to program the shutdown of nearly 6 700 units currently in service.

But, the rapporteurs continue, other levers must also be activated. By acting voluntarily in all economic sectors, it is 30 Gt 40 Gt per year that could be removed from the atmosphere.

On their own, the promotion of the solar and wind sectors, the improvement of energy efficiency, the development of alternative modes of transport, the cessation of deforestation and reforestation could bring down the annual emissions of 22 Gt. humanity has not yet burned all its cartridges. But she has entered the zone of all dangers.

http://www.lemonde.fr/climat/article/20 ... 52612.html
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